The Raspberry Camera – Under Construction!! –
Taking photos with the Raspberry Camera
The raspistill Camera App
Runs the camera for a specific time, and takes a JPEG capture at the end if requested.
Usage: raspistill [options]
Image parameter commands
-q,--quality– Sets the JPRG quality within a range from 0 to 100-r,--raw– Adds raw bayer data to the JPEG metadata-l <filename>,--latest <filename>– Links the latest complete image to the given filename-t <delay>,--timeout <delay>– The time (in ms) before taking the picture and terminating (if not specified, it is set to 5s)-th {<x>:<y>:<quality> | none},--thumb {<x>:<y>:<quality> | none}– Sets the thumbnail parameters-d,--demo– Runs a demo mode (cycles through the range of camera options, without a capture)-e {jpg | bmp | gif | png},--encoding {jpg | bmp | gif | png}– The Encoding to use for the output file-x {<key>=<value> | none},--exif {<key>=<value> | none}– EXIF tag to apply to the captures-tl,--timelapse– Timelapse mode; takes a picture every<t>ms. %d == frame number in the output file name (Try:-o img_%04d.jpg)-fp,--fullpreview– Runs the preview using the still capture resolution (may reduce preview framerate)-k,--keypress– Waits between captures for aENTER,XthenENTERto exit the program-s,--signal– Waits between captures for aSIGUSR1orSIGUSR2from another process-g,--gl– Draws the preview to texture instead of using the video render component-gc,--glcapture– Captures the GL frame-buffer instead of the camera image-bm,--burst– Enable ‘burst capture mode’-dt,--datetime– Replaces the output pattern%dwith DateTime in the format “MonthDayHourMinSec”-ts,--timestamp– Replaces the output pattern%dwith the Unix timestamp (seconds since 1970-01-01T00:00:00 UTC)-fs,--framestart– Sets the starting frame number to the output pattern%d-rs [<interval>],--restart [<interval>]– Sets the JPEG Restart interval (default of 0 for none)
GL parameter commands
-gs {square | teapot | mirror | yuv | sobel | vcsm_square},--glscene {square | teapot | mirror | yuv | sobel | vcsm_square}– GL scene-gw <x>,<y>,<w>,<h>,--glwin <x>,<y>,<w>,<h>– GL window settings
Common Settings commands
-?,--help– Show this help information and terminate-w <size>,--width <size>– Sets the image width-h <size>,--height <size>– Sets the image height-o <filename>,--output <filename>– Provides the output filename; to write to stdout, use-o -. If not specified, no file will be saved-v,--verbose– Output verbose information during run-cs <number>,--camselect <number>– Selects the camera; the default is camera0-md <mode>,--mode <mode>– Forces the sensor mode. Possible values formodeareoffautonightnightpreviewbacklightspotlightsportssnowbeachverylongfixedfpsantishakefireworks
Default is
auto.-gps,--gpsdexif– Applies real-time GPS information to the output (e.g. EXIF in JPG, annotation in video); requires libgps.so.23
Preview parameter commands
-p <x>,<y>,<w>,<h>,--preview <x>,<y>,<w>,<h>– Preview window settings-f,--fullscreen– Fullscreen preview mode-op <opacity>,--opacity <opacity>– Sets the preview window opacity (0-255)-n,--nopreview– Do not display a preview window-dn <display>,--dispnum <display>– Display on which to display the preview window (dispmanx/tvservice numbering)
Image parameter commands
-sh <sharpness>,--sharpness <sharpness>– Sets the image sharpness (-100 to 100)-co <contrast>,--contrast <contrast>– Sets the image contrast (-100 to 100)-br <brightness>,--brightness <brightness>– Sets the image brightness (0 to 100)- ` -sa, –saturation : Set image saturation (-100 to 100) -ISO, –ISO : Set capture ISO -vs, –vstab : Turn on video stabilisation -ev, –ev : Set EV compensation - steps of 1/6 stop -ex, –exposure : Set exposure mode (see Notes) -fli, –flicker : Set flicker avoid mode (see Notes) -awb, –awb : Set AWB mode (see Notes) -ifx, –imxfx : Set image effect (see Notes) -cfx, –colfx : Set colour effect (U:V) -mm, –metering : Set metering mode (see Notes) -rot, –rotation : Set image rotation (0, 90, 180, or 270) -hf, –hflip : Set horizontal flip -vf, –vflip : Set vertical flip -roi, –roi : Set region of interest (x,y,w,d as normalised coordinates [0.0-1.0]) -ss, –shutter : Set shutter speed in microseconds -awbg, –awbgains : Set AWB gains - AWB mode must be off -drc, –drc : Set DRC Level (see Notes) -st, –stats : Force recomputation of statistics on stills capture pass -a, –annotate : Enable/Set annotate flags or text -3d, –stereo : Select stereoscopic mode -dec, –decimate : Half width/height of stereo image -3dswap, –3dswap : Swap camera order for stereoscopic -ae, –annotateex : Set extra annotation parameters (text size, text colour(hex YUV), bg colour(hex YUV), justify, x, y) -ag, –analoggain : Set the analog gain (floating point) -dg, –digitalgain : Set the digital gain (floating point) -set, –settings : Retrieve camera settings and write to stdout -fw, –focus : Draw a window with the focus FoM value on the image.
Notes
Exposure mode options :
Flicker avoid mode options : off,auto,50hz,60hz
AWB mode options : off,auto,sun,cloud,shade,tungsten,fluorescent,incandescent,flash,horizon,greyworld
Image Effect mode options : none,negative,solarise,sketch,denoise,emboss,oilpaint,hatch,gpen,pastel,watercolour,film,blur,saturation,colourswap,washedout,posterise,colourpoint,colourbalance,cartoon
Metering Mode options : average,spot,backlit,matrix
Dynamic Range Compression (DRC) options : off,low,med,high
Foto mit der Kamera aufnehmen:
$ raspistill -v -o
Hierbei wird ein Foto mit eine (standarmäßig eingestellten) Verzögerung von fünf Sekunden aufgenommen und als JPEG mit dem angegebenen Dateinamen gespeichert. Durch die Option -v werden zusätzlich noch einige Informationen auf der Konsole ausgegeben.
Verzögerung
Der CCD-Chip der Kamera benötigt eine gewisse Zeit zur Auto-Justierung, so dass der default-Wert für die Verzögerung auf 5000 Millisekunden eingestellt ist. Durch Angabe der Option “-t
Spiegeln der Aufnahme
Je nachdem wie das Kamera-Modul verbaut und aufgestellt wurde, kann es sein, dass man die Aufnahmen spiegeln möchte.
Mit der Option “-hf” spiegelt man das Foto horizontal, während die Option “-vf” es vertikal spiegelt.
Shooting Videos with the Raspberry Camera
The raspivid Camera App
Displays camera output to the display, and optionally saves an H264 capture at requested bitrate.
Usage: raspivid [options]
Image parameter commands
-b, –bitrate : Set bitrate. Use bits per second (e.g. 10MBits/s would be -b 10000000) -t, –timeout : Time (in ms) to capture for. If not specified, set to 5s. Zero to disable
-d,--demo– Runs a demo mode (cycles through the range of camera options, without a capture) -fps, –framerate : Specify the frames per second to record -e, –penc : Display preview image after encoding (shows compression artifacts) -g, –intra : Specify the intra refresh period (key frame rate/GoP size). Zero to produce an initial I-frame and then just P-frames. -pf, –profile : Specify H264 profile to use for encoding -td, –timed : Cycle between capture and pause. -cycle on,off where on is record time and off is pause time in ms -s, –signal : Cycle between capture and pause on Signal -k, –keypress : Cycle between capture and pause on ENTER -i, –initial : Initial state. Use ‘record’ or ‘pause’. Default ‘record’ -qp, –qp : Quantisation parameter. Use approximately 10-40. Default 0 (off) -ih, –inline : Insert inline headers (SPS, PPS) to stream -sg, –segment : Segment output file in to multiple files at specified interval-wr, --wrap : In segment mode, wrap any numbered filename back to 1 when reach number -sn, --start : In segment mode, start with specified segment number -sp, --split : In wait mode, create new output file for each start event -c, --circular : Run encoded data through circular buffer until triggered then save -x, --vectors : Output filename for inline motion vectors -if, --irefresh : Set intra refresh type -fl, --flush : Flush buffers in order to decrease latency -pts, --save-pts : Save Timestamps to file for mkvmerge -cd, --codec : Specify the codec to use - H264 (default) or MJPEG -lev, --level : Specify H264 level to use for encoding -r, --raw : Output filename for raw video -rf, --raw-format : Specify output format for raw video. Default is yuv -l, --listen : Listen on a TCP socket -stm, --spstimings : Add in h.264 sps timings -sl, --slices : Horizontal slices per frame. Default 1 (off)
H264 Profile options : baseline,main,high
H264 Level options : 4,4.1,4.2
H264 Intra refresh options : cyclic,adaptive,both,cyclicrows
Raw output format options : yuv,rgb,gray
Raspivid allows output to a remote IPv4 host e.g. -o tcp://192.168.1.2:1234 or -o udp://192.168.1.2:1234 To listen on a TCP port (IPv4) and wait for an incoming connection use the -l option e.g. raspivid -l -o tcp://0.0.0.0:3333 -> bind to all network interfaces, raspivid -l -o tcp://192.168.1.1:3333 -> bind to a certain local IPv4 port
Common Settings commands
-?, –help : This help information
-w, –width : Set image width
Preview parameter commands
-p <x>,<y>,<w>,<h>,--preview <x>,<y>,<w>,<h>– Preview window settings-f,--fullscreen– Fullscreen preview mode-op <opacity>,--opacity <opacity>– Sets the preview window opacity (0-255)-n,--nopreview– Do not display a preview window-dn <display>,--dispnum <display>– Display on which to display the preview window (dispmanx/tvservice numbering)
Image parameter commands
-sh, –sharpness : Set image sharpness (-100 to 100) -co, –contrast : Set image contrast (-100 to 100) -br, –brightness : Set image brightness (0 to 100) -sa, –saturation : Set image saturation (-100 to 100) -ISO, –ISO : Set capture ISO -vs, –vstab : Turn on video stabilisation -ev, –ev : Set EV compensation - steps of 1/6 stop -ex, –exposure : Set exposure mode (see Notes) -fli, –flicker : Set flicker avoid mode (see Notes) -awb, –awb : Set AWB mode (see Notes) -ifx, –imxfx : Set image effect (see Notes) -cfx, –colfx : Set colour effect (U:V) -mm, –metering : Set metering mode (see Notes) -rot, –rotation : Set image rotation (0, 90, 180, or 270) -hf, –hflip : Set horizontal flip -vf, –vflip : Set vertical flip -roi, –roi : Set region of interest (x,y,w,d as normalised coordinates [0.0-1.0]) -ss, –shutter : Set shutter speed in microseconds -awbg, –awbgains : Set AWB gains - AWB mode must be off -drc, –drc : Set DRC Level (see Notes) -st, –stats : Force recomputation of statistics on stills capture pass -a, –annotate : Enable/Set annotate flags or text -3d, –stereo : Select stereoscopic mode -dec, –decimate : Half width/height of stereo image -3dswap, –3dswap : Swap camera order for stereoscopic -ae, –annotateex : Set extra annotation parameters (text size, text colour(hex YUV), bg colour(hex YUV), justify, x, y) -ag, –analoggain : Set the analog gain (floating point) -dg, –digitalgain : Set the digital gain (floating point) -set, –settings : Retrieve camera settings and write to stdout -fw, –focus : Draw a window with the focus FoM value on the image.
Notes
Exposure mode options : off,auto,night,nightpreview,backlight,spotlight,sports,snow,beach,verylong,fixedfps,antishake,fireworks
Flicker avoid mode options : off,auto,50hz,60hz
AWB mode options : off,auto,sun,cloud,shade,tungsten,fluorescent,incandescent,flash,horizon,greyworld
Image Effect mode options : none,negative,solarise,sketch,denoise,emboss,oilpaint,hatch,gpen,pastel,watercolour,film,blur,saturation,colourswap,washedout,posterise,colourpoint,colourbalance,cartoon
Metering Mode options : average,spot,backlit,matrix
Dynamic Range Compression (DRC) options : off,low,med,high
Some Links
- Raspberry Pi einrichten und Kamera verwenden
- Raspberry Pi Kamera installieren
- Raspberry Pi: Überwachungskamera Livestream einrichten